Loftus and palmer (1974) conducted research to find out to what extent recall is affected by the actual words used; they showed participants a film showing a car crash involving a number of cars. Participants were asked to describe what happened as if they were giving eyewitness testimony evidence. The participants were split in to groups of two and asked one of the conditions below: -
Condition 1: 'About how fast were the cars traveling when they smashed?'
Condition 2: 'About how fast were the cars traveling when they bumped?'
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