The inflammatory response is triggered whenever body tissues are injured by physical trauma, intense heat, irritating chemicals, or infection and begins when a flood of inflammatory chemicals are released into the extracellular fluid. Macrophages bear surface membrane receptors called Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that play a central role in triggering immune response. Each TLR is recognized for a specific class of attacking microbe. Once activated, a TLR triggers a release of cytokines that promote inflammation and attract WBCs.…
