Biological diversity

Q1: Biological diversity
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life at all levels: genes, species, and ecosystems. In
forests, it includes trees, understory plants, fungi, animals, and microorganisms.
Using nature as a template paradigm:
This is defined as modelling forest management on natural processes, such as natural
disturbances, regeneration, and succession, while maintaining ecosystem functions and biodiversity.
Why bother about biodiversity?
Ecological value: Supports resilience, nutrient cycling, pollination, and stability.
Economic Value It provides timber, food, and ecosystem services.
Cultural and ethical value: It is part of human heritage and environmental ethics.
Critical paradigms to ensure forest biodiversity: …