Diversity of Crop Species

The biggest challenge and problem for all these crop species, not only for these crop species, for all plants and crops is climate changes. As is predicted in some parts of the world is expected to be drier or wetter. And also conditions for crop production is predicted to change. Some parts of nowaday’s usable area are going to be unsuitable for crop production. That’s why is necessary to domesticate our crop species to new climatic conditions. For example tropical savanna could be used to domesticate such species as maize, rice, sorghum, cassava, sweet potato, bean, peanut and yams. Dry woodland and shrubland, it is regions between 30-40 degrees N and S with hot dry summer and cool, rainy winter where soil is thin and highly weathered is good centre of domestication for such species as wheat, barley, pea, rapeseed. Domestication is the result of periods to a narrow genetic diversity for many important crop species such as wheat. Wheat harvest in 2050 could fall to 27%, compared with 2000 in some regions, reports the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). …