Riga City and Old Riga

The small Riga River wound like a narrow ribbon along marshes and sands and flowed into the Daugava River. Near the river's bend a settlement of Liv merchants and craftsmen was located (in the area of present day Audeju and Kaleju streets in Old Town of Riga). They used to build low houses made of pine or fir logs with straw or reed roofs and basements made of boulders os oak-wood wells. They worked in smithies, built vessels, traded at the Market Square. Foreign merchants who traveled by the Daugava River were frequent visitors there.
A little bit further, close to the Daugava, the second Liv settlement appeared - the fishermen's one (in the area of Marstalu and Brivibas streets).
These two settlements were connected with castles of Livs and Latgals and settlements of craftsmen situated at the second most important river - the Gauja - by the only ground road - the Sand Road. It followed the path of present-day Brivibas street and turned to Liv settlement near the Powder Tower (image above).
In spring 1200 Pope in his bull declared crusade against Livonia peoples. From that time more and more often foreign ships arrived to the harbour on the Riga River - not with goods but with armored knights. At last bishop Albert arrived - with knights and squadron of 23 ships. For the whole summer they negotiated with local elders and examined the harbor.…