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ID number:679988
 
Author:
Evaluation:
Published: 21.07.2004.
Language: Latvian
Level: College/University
Literature: n/a
References: Not used
Extract


1.Kriminâltiesîbu jçdziens, uzdevumi, sistçma.
Kriminâltiesîbas (tâlâk KT) kâ likumdoðanas nozare ir likumdevçja izdota normu sistçma, kas nosaka atbildîbas principus un pamatu, paredzçtos sodus un tos noteikðanas principus, nosacîjumus atbrîvoðanai no kriminâlatbildîbas un soda. KT kâ publisko tiesîbu nozare regulç attiecîbas starp personu, kas izdarîjusi noziedzîgo nodarîjumu (tâlâk NN), un valsti tâs kompetentu institûciju personâ. Regulçðana notiek, piedraudot ar sodu un piemçrojot sodu. KT kâ tiesîbu zinâtnes nozare pçta KT normu iedarbîbas un piemçroðanas iespçjas. Uzdevumi: teorçtiska likumu skaidroðana; likuma piemçroðanas prakses vispârinâðana; likuma profilaktiskâs un audzinoðâs nozîmes izpçte; vçsturisku un citu valstu likumu izpçte u.c.

2.Kriminâltiesîbu principi.
KT principi ir to normâs ietvertas vadoðâs idejas, kas raksturo ties. bûtîbu un specifiskas îpatnîbas. Kriminâllikumâ (tâlâk KL) ir ietverti 4 principi: likumîbas princips, vainîguma princips, taisnîguma princips un humânisma psincips. LP nosaka nacionâlo normu atbilstîbu starptautiskajâm tiesîbâm, KL atbilstîbu Satversmei; sodâmi tikai likumâ paredzçtie NN (nullum crimen sine lege- nav nozieguma bez likuma); izslçdz KL piemçroðanu pçc analoìijas (likums izslçdz iespçju saukt pie kriminâlatbildîbas (talâk KA) par lîdzîgiem, bet KLâ neparedzçtiem NN, pat ja tie ir sabiedriski bîstami). VP nosaka, ka nav NN bez vainas (nullum crimen sine culpa); nevienu nevar saukt pie KA, ja nav noteikta personiskâ vaina NNâ un sekâs, kas iestâjas. TP nosaka, ka individualizçjot sodu, jâòem verâ konkrçta NN apstakïi un vainîga personîba; nevar sodît divreiz par to paðu izdarîto NN. HP nosaka soda ekonomijas principu (minimâlais nepiecieðamais sods); personu var atbrîvot no KA un soda; pastâv KA izslçdzoðie apstâkïi (nepiec. aizstavîbas, galçjas nepiecieðamîbas apstâkïos).

3.Kriminâltiesîbu funkcijas.
Galvçna funkcija- aizsargâjoðâ funkcija- ar specifiskiem lîdzekïiem aizsarga svarîgâkas intereses; vçrtîbu, aizsargâjamo ar KT, hierarhija: personîba- sabiedrîba- valsts. Regulçjoða funkcija- regulç NN izdarîðanas rezultâtâ raduðas attiecîbas. Preventîvâ jeb brîdinoðâ funkcija- personu atturçðana no NN izdarîðanas; realizçjas vispirms caur psiholoìisko ietekmi uz cilvçka apziòu ar iebiedçðanas un pârliecinâðanas palîdzîbu; pastâv vispârîgâ prevencija (visu personu atturçðana no NN) un speciâlâ prevencija (personas, kas jau izdarîjusi NN, atturçðana no jauna). Audzinoðâ funkcija- audzina cieòu pret likumu.

4.Kriminâllikuma jçdziens, 1998. gada Kriminâllikuma struktûra.
KL- valsts varas augstâko institûciju izdotais normatîvais akts, kura normas nosaka KA pamatu (kuru nosakot, nostiprina gan likumîbas principa nosacîjumu- nav nozieguma un nav soda, ja tas nav paredzçts likumâ, gan vainîguma principu- pie KA saucama tikai persona, kura vainîga NN izdarîðanâ) par NN, ka arî reglamentç soda noteikðanas, atbrîvoðanas no KA un soda pamatus.…

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